Compile and build program using gcc

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Four steps:

  1. preprocessing: based on the #directives, modify the original C program. Usually, the result of this step is a .i file;
  2. compile: translate .i file into .s file. Assembler provides different language and different platform with a common output;
  3. assembling: assembles the program into machine command. The output file will be a .o file, which is a binary file;
  4. link